In a dry frying pan over high heat, toast the sesame seeds, constantly shaking the pan, until they smell toasty, about 1 minute.

Immediately transfer them to a bowl so they dont continue cooking. If your nori is not crisp enough to crumble easily, you can toast it for about 30 seconds by waving it over a gas flame, or placing it under a broiler. Be careful not to burn it!

Crumble the nori into the bowl with the sesame seeds. Crumble the bonito flakes into the bowl with the sesame seeds and nori. Add the tiny dried shrimp and anchovies, if using.

Season the mixture with salt and sugar, and mix thoroughly. Transfer it to an airtight jar. This will keep indefinitely, but the flavor is best in the first month or two.