1. Soak noodles in hot water until softened, stirring occasionally, about 15 minutes. Combine lime juice, sugar, and fish sauce in bowl. Pat shrimp dry with paper towels. Heat oil in 12-inch nonstick skillet over medium heat until just beginning to smoke. Add shrimp and garlic and cook, stirring occasionally, until shrimp are pink, about 4 minutes. Transfer to plate.

2. Return now-empty skillet to medium heat. Drain noodles and add to skillet. Cook until any residual moisture has evaporated, about 2 minutes. Add lime juice mixture and cook until thickened slightly, about 4 minutes. Add sprouts and shrimp to skillet and cook until shrimp are cooked through, about 3 minutes. Transfer to bowl, sprinkle with cilantro and peanuts, and serve.

Serves 4